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ASNT LEVELIII-PT 기출문제 자료
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0ASNT LEVELIII-PT 기출문제 자료
1. Which of the following statements does describes flash point ?
ⓐ 가스 온도
ⓑ Temperature at which the limited will explode
ⓒ 용액의 빙점
ⓓ flammable gaseous mixture
▶ HANDBOOK p.57 & STUDY GUIDE Q&A 9.1
2. When looking into an open tank of water-washable penetrant, you observe a cloudy and perhaps somewhat striated appearance. This indicated :
ⓐ The penetrant is contaminated with water
ⓑ hot materials have been dipped in the tank
ⓒ the penetrant is being kept at too low a temperature
ⓓ oil from the parts or emulsifier has gotten into the water
▶ HANDBOOK p.66
3. To provide the most advantageous conditions for detecting very tight, small -volume cracks, which of the following should be used ?
ⓐ water-washable visible dye penetrant
ⓑ post-emulsifier fluorescent penetrant
ⓒ water-washable fluorescent penetrant
ⓓ non water-washable (solvent removable) visible dye penetrant
▶ HANDBOOK P137-138
4. It necessary to allow a black light to “warm up” before using to allow :
ⓐ time for the operator to check the output of the lamp
ⓑ the operator time to assure the bulb is not burnt out.
ⓒ the transformer to stablize and produce the proper arc voltage
ⓓ time for the operator's eyes to dark adapt.
▶ HANDBOOK p.208
5. MT, PT 둘 다 요구시 우선시 되는 방법은 ?
ⓐ MT를 우선 적용한다.
ⓑ PT를 우선 적용한다.
ⓒ 똑같다.
ⓓ 차이 없다.
▶ HANDBOOK p.230
6. Which is the best way to remove
ⓐ vapor degrease
ⓑ aicd etch
ⓒ detergent and hot water
ⓓ acetone soak
▶ HANDBOOK p.231
7. Which of the post-cleaning methods listed below would be most effective f
ⓐ water wash
ⓑ vapor degrease
ⓒ steam cleaning
ⓓ all of the above will be effective with equal results.
▶ HANDBOOK p.246
8. Which of the following are correct regarding the cracked aluminum block test :
ⓐ 두 개의 블록은 정확히 같지 않다.
ⓑ It does not permit a comparative evaluation with reference penetrant
ⓒ cleaning the block without heating and quenching thereby causing new cracks, is almost impossible
ⓓ both a and c
▶ HANDBOOK p.393-394
9. The cracked Cr plate pannel need in liquid penetrant evaluation has the limitation of
ⓐ not providing quantative measurement of developer action
ⓑ not displaying the effect of absorption which may be the source of the background noise
ⓒ not differentiating indication depletion which may occur in wide shallow crack
ⓓ all of the above
▶ HANDBOOK p.399
10. Some penetrants are known to contain organic and inorganic penetrants halogen. The presence of certain halogen is suspected of causing damage to parts and equipment coming in contact with these penetrant types, which of the following statements is true regarding halogen content ?
ⓐ Halogens are only deterimental where the metal temperature will be raised above the curie point
ⓑ Halogen have been proven not to be deterimental if the "Halogen Tolerance" does not exceed 35% by volume
ⓒ Halogens such as chlorine are suspected of causing embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in nickel alloy steel
ⓓ None of the above are true
▶ HANDBOOK P.451
11. Special penetrnat material requirements are applied when parts to be penetrant inspected will be usded in components that may later be in contact with liquid oxygen(LOX) why ?
ⓐ in the meet minate qualifies, LOX totally desensitives.
ⓑ LOX will vigorously remelt, often catastrophically, with many organic including penetrant materials
ⓒ If LOX and penetrant materials combine, toxic vapors result,
endangering personnel who may inhale them
ⓓ None of the above is the correct answer
▶ HANDBOOK p.519
12. Excess sulfur in penetrant processing materials can lead to
→ corrosion of Nickel or Ti alloy
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.25
13. The capillary rise in the tube shwon above could be used to depict a penetrant material that has ;
ⓐ good wetting ability because the contact angle is less than 90°
ⓑ good wetting ability because the contact angle is greater than 90°
ⓒ poor wetting ability because the contact angle is greater than 90°
ⓓ poor wetting ability because the contact angle is less than 90°
▶ STUDY GUIDE P.33 Figure 3.3
14. In the absence of specification are requirement to the contrary with of the following statement is most generally correct for the excess penetrant removal process when using water-washable penetrants
→ coarse spray directed about 45°to the part surface which water pressure about 30-40psi
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.41 Spray rinse
15. A penetrant indication of a cold shut in a casting would most probably apprears as
→ continuous and linear indication intermittent but not jagged.
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.53 REVIEW QUESTION 5.11
16. Black light emit certain wavelength of light measured in Angstrom which of the following is the proper nominal peak wavelength for black light used for penetrant inspection :
→ 3650Å
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.58 REVIEW QUESTION 6.10
17. Which is the best way to remove developer from a metal surface ?
ⓐ solvent remover / cleaner ⓑ vapor degrease
ⓒ Alchol or acetone rub ⓓ hot water and / or detergent
18. A penetrant having a low surface tension, a low contact angle, and low viscosity(i.e fast penetrator) can also have an undesirable property. which of the following is undesirable in this case ?
ⓐ excessive penteration efficiency
ⓑ excessive fluorescence
ⓒ high due absorption efficiency
ⓓ excessive bleeding
19. You as a level III are requested to recommended a penetrant inspection technique for inservice inspection to look for fatigue damage in a close tolerance machined surface which is part of a large pressure retaining system which of the following should be considered in developing the recommendation?
ⓐ A color contrast technique should be used, since use of an inspection booth is not applicable.
ⓑ The technique should include use of nonaqeous wet developer supplied in spray cans to provide portability
ⓒ for portable, field type inspections, the sensitivity of fluorescent and visible dye technique should be about the same .
ⓓ all of the above.
20. Part may sometimes be preheated prior to penetrant inspection this step may ;
ⓐ reduce dwell time
ⓑ increase sensitivity
ⓒ be deleterious
ⓓ all of the above
21. The ability of a liquid penetrant dye to exhibit fluorescence or color at given concentrations and in given solution film thicknesses is described by the factor known as ;
ⓐ eyes fatigue
ⓑ dye contrast
ⓒ linear attenuation coefficient
ⓓ penetration test sensitivity
22. which of the following methods is not generally approved for surface penetrant removal ?
ⓐ wiping with a clear, dry, lint-free cloth
ⓑ wiping with clear, solvent-damped cloth
ⓒ flushing with water spray
ⓓ dipping in a solvent bath
23. crack 의 폭이 증가하면 capillary pressure ;
ⓐ 감소 ⓑ 같다 ⓒ 증가 후 감소 ⓓ 감소 후 증가
24. Based on the table below which type of emulsifier would give the slowest rate of emulsifying the surface penetrant, thus giving the operator more time to control the depth of emulsification ?
Type
Viscosity of 100 ℉
flash point
closed cup
water tolerance % added water
2
51.5
0.947
300 ℉
18
3
118.0
0.957
305 ℉
20
4
37.0
0.946
375 ℉
15
ⓐ type 2 ⓑ type 3 ⓒ type 4 ⓓ all of the same
25. Penetrant inspection has been used successfully on many non-metallic inclusion. however, the inspection of plastics may be a problem beacuse
ⓐ the color contrast between the discontinuity indication and the plastic make interpretation difficult
ⓑ some plastic are attacked by the liquids used in the penetrant process
ⓒ must codes and standard will not permit penetrant inspection of plastic.
ⓓ there are no standard reference photographs relating to plastic discontinuities
26. What would the acceptable water contact of a post emulsifier fluorescent penetrant using a nonaqueous wet developers ?
MAXIMUM WATER CONTENT BY VOLUME
GROUP
PENETRANT
EMULSIFIER
Ⅳ
5%
-
Ⅴ& Ⅵ(POST EMULSIFIER)
1.5%
15%
Ⅴ& Ⅵ(WATER WASHABLE)
5%
-
Reading in excess of above are unacceptable, change solution
ⓐ 1.5%
ⓑ 5%
ⓒ 15%
ⓓ water content is not a factor when nonaqueous wet developer is used
ⓔ none of the above
27. cracked test pannels used in PT to ;
ⓐ compare relative marits of two or more penetrants
ⓑ compare penetrnat performance to a reference penetrants
ⓒ compare effect of temperature
ⓓ compare effect of different types of developers.
ⓔ all of the above
28. A decrease in intensity of black light may be caused by
ⓐ low line voltage
ⓑ dirty filter
ⓒ aged bulb
ⓓ all of the above
29. Spot or Meniscus test for fluorescence in thin films.
▶ BETZ P.150
30. which of the following methods is not generally approved for surface penetrant removal ?
ⓐ wiping with a clear, dry, lint-free cloth
ⓑ wiping with clear, solvent-damped cloth
ⓒ flushing with water spray
ⓓ dipping in a solvent bath
31. The best way to remove the rust and scale ?
ⓐ shoot peening
ⓑ grinding
ⓒ wire brushing
ⓓ chipping hammer
32. When using a post-emulsifiable penetrant which of the following is the most likely result of an excess emulsification time ?
→ shallow-discontinuity indication could be lost
33. Penetrant test method materials to be applied with electrostatic spray equipment must have :
ⓐ high electrical resistivity ⓑ very low viscosty
ⓒ good electrical conductivity ⓓ a low flash point
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.45 Review Question 4.5
▶ HANDBOOK p.172~174, 176, 178~179
34. PT inspection is defined as :
a. an electromagnetic process
b. a physical-mechanical process
c. a physical-chemical process
d. a mechanical-chemical process
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 1.1
35. A liquid with good penetrating capabilities controls its rate of penetration by :
a. viscosity
b. surface tension
c. contact angle
d. capillary action
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.1
36. A visible dye penetrant is not as sensitive as most fluorescent dye penetrants because :
a. a red visible dye needs a thicker threshold film.
b. a visible dye does not emit light to attract the eye.
c. a thick developer coat to provide a good white background can mask an indication.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.2
37. Fluorescent dyes used in penetrants absorb photon energy at a wavelength of 356nm. The approximate wavelength of the color that most fluorescent penetrants emit is :
a. 425nm.
b. 525nm.
c. 625nm.
d. 725nm.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.3
38. The property that controls the rate of penetration is the :
a. viscosity of the penetrant.
b. surface tension of the penetrant.
c. volatility of the penetrant.
d. wetting action of the penetrant.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.4
39. Flammability is property of hydrocarbons and the types of oils and solvents that impact the safe use of a penetrant material. The best test to evaluate flammbility is :
a. viscosity
b. flash point
c. volatility
d. specific gravity
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.7
40. Which of the following is not compatible with chloride ions, total chlorine, and sulfur ?
a. Titanium
b. high nickel alloys
c. Austenitic steels
d. All of the above
e. Both b and c above
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.8
41. Which of the following developers is purchased as a dry powder ?
a. Dry developer.
b. Water-suspended developer.
c. Water-soluble developer.
d. All of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.16
42. The Static Penetration Parameter(SPP) relates the properties of a liquid that control its penetrating capability. The properties that control the penetration of a liquid are :
a. contact angle and viscosity.
b. contact angle and capillary action.
c. surface tension and contact angle.
d. capillary action and surface tension.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.1
43. Capillary action is fastest in a :
a. wide, long crack.
b. long, dirt-filled crack.
c. fine, clean crack.
d. wide, shallow crack.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.3
44. Flaw entrapment efficiency is a term that describes the ability of a penetrant to enter a discontinuity and form a visible indication. Properties that influence the flaw entrapment efficiency include :
a. the penetrability of the penetrant.
b. the size and type of the discontinuity.
c. the processing procedures.
d. the type of penetrant.
e. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.4
45. The contact angle is measured at the air-liquid surface interface on a solid material. Which of the following is true ?
a. The contact angle is the same on all materials having the same surface roughness.
b. Different materials with the same smooth finish can have different contact angles.
c. The surface roughness does not influence the contact angle.
d. The contact angle is the same for all metals.
e. None of the above are true.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.5
46. The ability of the penetrant to enter a discontinuity is controlled by :
a. its surface tension.
b. its contact angle.
c. its viscosity.
d. both a and b.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.9
47. The primary requirement of a developer is to form an indication. The primary duty of developer action is to :
a. draw a sufficient amount of penetrant from a flaw to form an indication.
b. expand the width of the indication to make it detectavle by the eye.
c. increase the apparent brightness of the indications.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.12
48. The most sensitive developer is :
a. dry developer.
b. water-suspended developer.
c. nonaqueous developer.
d. plastic film developer.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.12
49. The primary developing action associated with dry developer is :
a. capillary action.
b. expansion of the developer in a crack.
c. provision of a uniform film surface for a contrasting background.
d. dissolution of the penetrant in the defect.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.15
50. The size of a penetrant indication depends on :
a. the size of the discontinuity.
b. the flaw entrapment efficiency.
c. the method of penetrant testing.
d. all of the above.
e. only a and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.1
51. One advantage of background fluorescence is that it :
a. reduces the contrast of the indication.
b. indicates that the part was not over-washed.
c. reveals an excessive emulsification.
d. is hard to remove when a highly sensitive penetrant is applied to rough or porous surfaces.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.3
52. One cleaning method used to remove smeared metal is :
a. etching
b. abrasive cleaning.
c. salt bath descaling.
d. ultrasonic degreasing.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.11
53. The metal that will smear with machining and grinding is :
a. steel.
b. aluminium.
c. titanium.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.13
54. Intergranular stress, fretting, and exfoliation are terms related to :
a. oxidation.
b. corrosion.
c. erosion.
d. fatigue.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.14
55. To detect cracks under corrosion :
a. the surface should be scrubbed with detergent.
b. the corrosion deposits should be ground away.
c. the surface should be slovent cleaned.
d. the surface corrosion deposits should be selectively removed by chemicals in a process similar to etching.
e. is impossible.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.15
56. When using a higher viscosity penetrant, what adustment should be made in the dwell time ?
a. Viscosity does not influence dwell time.
b. Higher viscosity requires an increase in dwell time.
c. Higher viscosity requires a decrease in dwell time.
d. None of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.19
57. Which of the following solvents contain halogens ?
a. Naphtha.
b. Alcohol.
c. Trichoroethylene.
d. Gasoline.
e. None of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.24
58. When applying dry developer, which of the following application can be used ?
a. Dipping.
b. The fog chamber.
c. An electrostatic fog.
d. Dusting.
e. All of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.27
59. Pri
a. grinding and sanding.
b. chemical strippers.
c. liquids honing.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.34
60. For best results when inspection for critical discontinuities, visible penetrants should be illuminated with white light of what inensity ?
a. 800 lux.
b. 900 lux.
c. 1000 lux.
d. 1200 ㎼/㎠.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.2
61. Black light emit certain wavelength of light measured in Angstrom which of the following is the proper nominal peak wavelength for black light used for penetrant inspection :
→ 3650Å
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.3 & p.58 Q&A 6.10
62. Light is made up of rays of various colors and wavelengths. Which of the following units of wavelength has the shortest increment ?
a. Angstrom (Å).
b. Millimicron (mμ).
c. Nanometer (nm).
d. Millimeter (mm).
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.5 & 6.11
63. The detectability of a discontinuity depends on :
a. how the discontinuity was formed.
b. the size and charateristic of the discontinuity.
c. the location of the discontinuity.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.8
64. A cold shut in a casting would be observed as :
a. a line of dots.
b. a group of dots.
c. a continuous line : narrow and not jagged.
d. an intermittent line.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.11
65. F
a. A wavy, intermittent line of bright dots.
b. A short, sharp, fine indication.
c. A curbed, bright line.
d. An intermittent line, somewhat fuzzy and dull.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.12
66. Which of the following charatceristics of a fluorescent penetrant indication can be used to evaluated the type and cause of the discontinuity ?
a. Brightness.
b. Size and shape.
c. Location.
d. Persistence.
e. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.24
67. Pre-wetting is a technique used to reduce the background in :
a. water-washable fluorescent penetrant.
b. water-washable visible penetrant.
c. filtered particle penetrant.
d. Post-emulsified penetrant
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.25
68. The human eye does not respond the same to all colors in the visible light range. If all have the same brightness, the color that is easiest to detect is :
a. red.
b. yellow-green.
c. blue.
d. purple.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.1
69. Which of the following should have the least consideration when determining whether the equipment should be stock modular units or a specially designed automated penetrant processor ?
a. Optimum reproducibility.
b. The production rate.
c. The penetrant process that will be used.
d. The type and capacity of the utilities in the proposed test area.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.5
70. Automated processors are designed to handle the total PT inspection process. When the system is down, processing will be delayed. Therefore, equipment maintenance is a very important consideration. Which of the following procedures best assures that timely maintenance is available ?
a. Have a maintenance contract with the manufacturer.
b. Trained service personnel should be available in the plant maintenance function.
c. Have a maintenance contract with an equipment maintenance company.
d. All of the above are equally effective.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.7
71. Austenitic stainless steel, nickel base alloys, and titanium(at elevated temperatures) are subject to stress corrosion. Penetrant materials used to inspect these materials for stress corrosion must have :
a. low flash points.
b. high sulfur and halogen content.
c. low sulfur and halogen content.
d. have no chlorine in the penetrant materials.
e. both a and b above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.2
72. The quality level of a penetrant inspection will not be affected by :
a. the size of the discontinuity.
b. the type of material.
c. the type of discontinuity.
d. the number of parts.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.6
73. The type of developer that is used with filtered particle penetrants is :
a. dry developer.
b. water-suspended developer.
c. water-soluble developer.
d. solvent-suspended developer.
e. none of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.13
74. The first step in evaluating the use of penetrant on a plastic material is to :
a. degrease the part.
b. check the compatibility of the penetrant test materials with the plastic.
c. apply a water-washable fluorescent penetrant.
d. remove oxidation from the surface.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.20
75. The technique that is used to reduce the background and increase the contrast of filtered particle penetrant is :
a. flourescent filtered particles.
b. pre-wetting the part with oil.
c. pre-wetting the port with water.
d. soaking in water and detergent.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.26
76. Quench-cracked aluminum blocks are useful for comparing :
a. low sensitivity penetrant.
b. medium sensitivity penetrant.
c. high sensitibity penetrant.
d. all of the above.
e. both a and b.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.11
77. Cracked chrome-plated panels are usually processed in pairs to :
a. verify performance results.
b. verify that the panels are identical.
c. compare the "in use" and reference penetrants.
d. verify the inspection process.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.12
78. In the water tolerance sensitivity test, the standard penetrant sample should contain :
a. no water dilution.
b. 5% water dilution.
c. the same water dilution as in the test sample.
d. 20% water dilution.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.17
79. Which of the following combinations of physical properties of a liquid has the most effect on its penetrating properties ?
a. Wet ability and surface tension.
b. Surface tension and contact angle.
c. Capillarity, wet ability, and surface tension.
d. Specific gravity and viscosity.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.18
80. When the contact angle of penetrant on aluminum is compared to the contact angle of penetrant on stainless steel and chrome plate, the contact angle on aluminum is :
a. larger.
b. smaller.
c. the same.
d. not a function of the type of material.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.20
81. Some penetrants are known to contain organic and inorganic penetrants halogen. The presence of certain halogen is suspected of causing damage to parts and equipment coming in contact with these penetrant types, which of the following statements is true regarding halogen content ?
ⓐ Halogens are only deterimental where the metal temperature will be raised above the curie point
ⓑ Halogen have been proven not to be deterimental if the "Halogen Tolerance" does not exceed 35% by volume
ⓒ Halogens such as chlorine are suspected of causing embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in nickel alloy steel
ⓓ None of the above are true
▶ HANDBOOK P.451
82. In the absence of specification are requirement to the contrary with of the following statement is most generally correct for the excess penetrant removal process when using water-washable penetrants
→ coarse spray directed about 45°to the part surface which water pressure about 30-40psi
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.41 (Spray rinse)
83. Which is the best method for conveying acceptance criteria for penetrant inspection to the inspector ?
ⓐ written description of sizes and shapes of unacceptable indications.
ⓑ photographs of indications plus written dimensional requirements.
ⓒ Tables showing sizes and numbers of unacceptable indications.
ⓓ sketches of parts and indication.
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.53 Review Question 5.26
84. When removing excess penetrant from surface of a test specimen
→ The cleaning operation must not remove m
85. Which of the following steps is not recommended when using removers in the solvent remover method ?
a. Wipe with a clean, lint free cloth.
b. Wipe with a clean, solvent-dampened cloth.
c. Scrub with a clean, solvent-dampened cloth.
d. Flush the surface with a solvent spray.
86 It is often recommended that chl
a. 0.01%
b. 0.1%
c. 1%
d. 1.1%
1. Which of the following statements does describes flash point ?
ⓐ 가스 온도
ⓑ Temperature at which the limited will explode
ⓒ 용액의 빙점
ⓓ flammable gaseous mixture
▶ HANDBOOK p.57 & STUDY GUIDE Q&A 9.1
2. When looking into an open tank of water-washable penetrant, you observe a cloudy and perhaps somewhat striated appearance. This indicated :
ⓐ The penetrant is contaminated with water
ⓑ hot materials have been dipped in the tank
ⓒ the penetrant is being kept at too low a temperature
ⓓ oil from the parts or emulsifier has gotten into the water
▶ HANDBOOK p.66
3. To provide the most advantageous conditions for detecting very tight, small -volume cracks, which of the following should be used ?
ⓐ water-washable visible dye penetrant
ⓑ post-emulsifier fluorescent penetrant
ⓒ water-washable fluorescent penetrant
ⓓ non water-washable (solvent removable) visible dye penetrant
▶ HANDBOOK P137-138
4. It necessary to allow a black light to “warm up” before using to allow :
ⓐ time for the operator to check the output of the lamp
ⓑ the operator time to assure the bulb is not burnt out.
ⓒ the transformer to stablize and produce the proper arc voltage
ⓓ time for the operator's eyes to dark adapt.
▶ HANDBOOK p.208
5. MT, PT 둘 다 요구시 우선시 되는 방법은 ?
ⓐ MT를 우선 적용한다.
ⓑ PT를 우선 적용한다.
ⓒ 똑같다.
ⓓ 차이 없다.
▶ HANDBOOK p.230
6. Which is the best way to remove
ⓐ vapor degrease
ⓑ aicd etch
ⓒ detergent and hot water
ⓓ acetone soak
▶ HANDBOOK p.231
7. Which of the post-cleaning methods listed below would be most effective f
ⓐ water wash
ⓑ vapor degrease
ⓒ steam cleaning
ⓓ all of the above will be effective with equal results.
▶ HANDBOOK p.246
8. Which of the following are correct regarding the cracked aluminum block test :
ⓐ 두 개의 블록은 정확히 같지 않다.
ⓑ It does not permit a comparative evaluation with reference penetrant
ⓒ cleaning the block without heating and quenching thereby causing new cracks, is almost impossible
ⓓ both a and c
▶ HANDBOOK p.393-394
9. The cracked Cr plate pannel need in liquid penetrant evaluation has the limitation of
ⓐ not providing quantative measurement of developer action
ⓑ not displaying the effect of absorption which may be the source of the background noise
ⓒ not differentiating indication depletion which may occur in wide shallow crack
ⓓ all of the above
▶ HANDBOOK p.399
10. Some penetrants are known to contain organic and inorganic penetrants halogen. The presence of certain halogen is suspected of causing damage to parts and equipment coming in contact with these penetrant types, which of the following statements is true regarding halogen content ?
ⓐ Halogens are only deterimental where the metal temperature will be raised above the curie point
ⓑ Halogen have been proven not to be deterimental if the "Halogen Tolerance" does not exceed 35% by volume
ⓒ Halogens such as chlorine are suspected of causing embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in nickel alloy steel
ⓓ None of the above are true
▶ HANDBOOK P.451
11. Special penetrnat material requirements are applied when parts to be penetrant inspected will be usded in components that may later be in contact with liquid oxygen(LOX) why ?
ⓐ in the meet minate qualifies, LOX totally desensitives.
ⓑ LOX will vigorously remelt, often catastrophically, with many organic including penetrant materials
ⓒ If LOX and penetrant materials combine, toxic vapors result,
endangering personnel who may inhale them
ⓓ None of the above is the correct answer
▶ HANDBOOK p.519
12. Excess sulfur in penetrant processing materials can lead to
→ corrosion of Nickel or Ti alloy
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.25
13. The capillary rise in the tube shwon above could be used to depict a penetrant material that has ;
ⓐ good wetting ability because the contact angle is less than 90°
ⓑ good wetting ability because the contact angle is greater than 90°
ⓒ poor wetting ability because the contact angle is greater than 90°
ⓓ poor wetting ability because the contact angle is less than 90°
▶ STUDY GUIDE P.33 Figure 3.3
14. In the absence of specification are requirement to the contrary with of the following statement is most generally correct for the excess penetrant removal process when using water-washable penetrants
→ coarse spray directed about 45°to the part surface which water pressure about 30-40psi
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.41 Spray rinse
15. A penetrant indication of a cold shut in a casting would most probably apprears as
→ continuous and linear indication intermittent but not jagged.
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.53 REVIEW QUESTION 5.11
16. Black light emit certain wavelength of light measured in Angstrom which of the following is the proper nominal peak wavelength for black light used for penetrant inspection :
→ 3650Å
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.58 REVIEW QUESTION 6.10
17. Which is the best way to remove developer from a metal surface ?
ⓐ solvent remover / cleaner ⓑ vapor degrease
ⓒ Alchol or acetone rub ⓓ hot water and / or detergent
18. A penetrant having a low surface tension, a low contact angle, and low viscosity(i.e fast penetrator) can also have an undesirable property. which of the following is undesirable in this case ?
ⓐ excessive penteration efficiency
ⓑ excessive fluorescence
ⓒ high due absorption efficiency
ⓓ excessive bleeding
19. You as a level III are requested to recommended a penetrant inspection technique for inservice inspection to look for fatigue damage in a close tolerance machined surface which is part of a large pressure retaining system which of the following should be considered in developing the recommendation?
ⓐ A color contrast technique should be used, since use of an inspection booth is not applicable.
ⓑ The technique should include use of nonaqeous wet developer supplied in spray cans to provide portability
ⓒ for portable, field type inspections, the sensitivity of fluorescent and visible dye technique should be about the same .
ⓓ all of the above.
20. Part may sometimes be preheated prior to penetrant inspection this step may ;
ⓐ reduce dwell time
ⓑ increase sensitivity
ⓒ be deleterious
ⓓ all of the above
21. The ability of a liquid penetrant dye to exhibit fluorescence or color at given concentrations and in given solution film thicknesses is described by the factor known as ;
ⓐ eyes fatigue
ⓑ dye contrast
ⓒ linear attenuation coefficient
ⓓ penetration test sensitivity
22. which of the following methods is not generally approved for surface penetrant removal ?
ⓐ wiping with a clear, dry, lint-free cloth
ⓑ wiping with clear, solvent-damped cloth
ⓒ flushing with water spray
ⓓ dipping in a solvent bath
23. crack 의 폭이 증가하면 capillary pressure ;
ⓐ 감소 ⓑ 같다 ⓒ 증가 후 감소 ⓓ 감소 후 증가
24. Based on the table below which type of emulsifier would give the slowest rate of emulsifying the surface penetrant, thus giving the operator more time to control the depth of emulsification ?
Type
Viscosity of 100 ℉
flash point
closed cup
water tolerance % added water
2
51.5
0.947
300 ℉
18
3
118.0
0.957
305 ℉
20
4
37.0
0.946
375 ℉
15
ⓐ type 2 ⓑ type 3 ⓒ type 4 ⓓ all of the same
25. Penetrant inspection has been used successfully on many non-metallic inclusion. however, the inspection of plastics may be a problem beacuse
ⓐ the color contrast between the discontinuity indication and the plastic make interpretation difficult
ⓑ some plastic are attacked by the liquids used in the penetrant process
ⓒ must codes and standard will not permit penetrant inspection of plastic.
ⓓ there are no standard reference photographs relating to plastic discontinuities
26. What would the acceptable water contact of a post emulsifier fluorescent penetrant using a nonaqueous wet developers ?
MAXIMUM WATER CONTENT BY VOLUME
GROUP
PENETRANT
EMULSIFIER
Ⅳ
5%
-
Ⅴ& Ⅵ(POST EMULSIFIER)
1.5%
15%
Ⅴ& Ⅵ(WATER WASHABLE)
5%
-
Reading in excess of above are unacceptable, change solution
ⓐ 1.5%
ⓑ 5%
ⓒ 15%
ⓓ water content is not a factor when nonaqueous wet developer is used
ⓔ none of the above
27. cracked test pannels used in PT to ;
ⓐ compare relative marits of two or more penetrants
ⓑ compare penetrnat performance to a reference penetrants
ⓒ compare effect of temperature
ⓓ compare effect of different types of developers.
ⓔ all of the above
28. A decrease in intensity of black light may be caused by
ⓐ low line voltage
ⓑ dirty filter
ⓒ aged bulb
ⓓ all of the above
29. Spot or Meniscus test for fluorescence in thin films.
▶ BETZ P.150
30. which of the following methods is not generally approved for surface penetrant removal ?
ⓐ wiping with a clear, dry, lint-free cloth
ⓑ wiping with clear, solvent-damped cloth
ⓒ flushing with water spray
ⓓ dipping in a solvent bath
31. The best way to remove the rust and scale ?
ⓐ shoot peening
ⓑ grinding
ⓒ wire brushing
ⓓ chipping hammer
32. When using a post-emulsifiable penetrant which of the following is the most likely result of an excess emulsification time ?
→ shallow-discontinuity indication could be lost
33. Penetrant test method materials to be applied with electrostatic spray equipment must have :
ⓐ high electrical resistivity ⓑ very low viscosty
ⓒ good electrical conductivity ⓓ a low flash point
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.45 Review Question 4.5
▶ HANDBOOK p.172~174, 176, 178~179
34. PT inspection is defined as :
a. an electromagnetic process
b. a physical-mechanical process
c. a physical-chemical process
d. a mechanical-chemical process
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 1.1
35. A liquid with good penetrating capabilities controls its rate of penetration by :
a. viscosity
b. surface tension
c. contact angle
d. capillary action
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.1
36. A visible dye penetrant is not as sensitive as most fluorescent dye penetrants because :
a. a red visible dye needs a thicker threshold film.
b. a visible dye does not emit light to attract the eye.
c. a thick developer coat to provide a good white background can mask an indication.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.2
37. Fluorescent dyes used in penetrants absorb photon energy at a wavelength of 356nm. The approximate wavelength of the color that most fluorescent penetrants emit is :
a. 425nm.
b. 525nm.
c. 625nm.
d. 725nm.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.3
38. The property that controls the rate of penetration is the :
a. viscosity of the penetrant.
b. surface tension of the penetrant.
c. volatility of the penetrant.
d. wetting action of the penetrant.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.4
39. Flammability is property of hydrocarbons and the types of oils and solvents that impact the safe use of a penetrant material. The best test to evaluate flammbility is :
a. viscosity
b. flash point
c. volatility
d. specific gravity
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.7
40. Which of the following is not compatible with chloride ions, total chlorine, and sulfur ?
a. Titanium
b. high nickel alloys
c. Austenitic steels
d. All of the above
e. Both b and c above
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.8
41. Which of the following developers is purchased as a dry powder ?
a. Dry developer.
b. Water-suspended developer.
c. Water-soluble developer.
d. All of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 2.16
42. The Static Penetration Parameter(SPP) relates the properties of a liquid that control its penetrating capability. The properties that control the penetration of a liquid are :
a. contact angle and viscosity.
b. contact angle and capillary action.
c. surface tension and contact angle.
d. capillary action and surface tension.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.1
43. Capillary action is fastest in a :
a. wide, long crack.
b. long, dirt-filled crack.
c. fine, clean crack.
d. wide, shallow crack.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.3
44. Flaw entrapment efficiency is a term that describes the ability of a penetrant to enter a discontinuity and form a visible indication. Properties that influence the flaw entrapment efficiency include :
a. the penetrability of the penetrant.
b. the size and type of the discontinuity.
c. the processing procedures.
d. the type of penetrant.
e. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.4
45. The contact angle is measured at the air-liquid surface interface on a solid material. Which of the following is true ?
a. The contact angle is the same on all materials having the same surface roughness.
b. Different materials with the same smooth finish can have different contact angles.
c. The surface roughness does not influence the contact angle.
d. The contact angle is the same for all metals.
e. None of the above are true.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.5
46. The ability of the penetrant to enter a discontinuity is controlled by :
a. its surface tension.
b. its contact angle.
c. its viscosity.
d. both a and b.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.9
47. The primary requirement of a developer is to form an indication. The primary duty of developer action is to :
a. draw a sufficient amount of penetrant from a flaw to form an indication.
b. expand the width of the indication to make it detectavle by the eye.
c. increase the apparent brightness of the indications.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.12
48. The most sensitive developer is :
a. dry developer.
b. water-suspended developer.
c. nonaqueous developer.
d. plastic film developer.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.12
49. The primary developing action associated with dry developer is :
a. capillary action.
b. expansion of the developer in a crack.
c. provision of a uniform film surface for a contrasting background.
d. dissolution of the penetrant in the defect.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 3.15
50. The size of a penetrant indication depends on :
a. the size of the discontinuity.
b. the flaw entrapment efficiency.
c. the method of penetrant testing.
d. all of the above.
e. only a and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.1
51. One advantage of background fluorescence is that it :
a. reduces the contrast of the indication.
b. indicates that the part was not over-washed.
c. reveals an excessive emulsification.
d. is hard to remove when a highly sensitive penetrant is applied to rough or porous surfaces.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.3
52. One cleaning method used to remove smeared metal is :
a. etching
b. abrasive cleaning.
c. salt bath descaling.
d. ultrasonic degreasing.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.11
53. The metal that will smear with machining and grinding is :
a. steel.
b. aluminium.
c. titanium.
d. all of the above.
e. b and c above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.13
54. Intergranular stress, fretting, and exfoliation are terms related to :
a. oxidation.
b. corrosion.
c. erosion.
d. fatigue.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.14
55. To detect cracks under corrosion :
a. the surface should be scrubbed with detergent.
b. the corrosion deposits should be ground away.
c. the surface should be slovent cleaned.
d. the surface corrosion deposits should be selectively removed by chemicals in a process similar to etching.
e. is impossible.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.15
56. When using a higher viscosity penetrant, what adustment should be made in the dwell time ?
a. Viscosity does not influence dwell time.
b. Higher viscosity requires an increase in dwell time.
c. Higher viscosity requires a decrease in dwell time.
d. None of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.19
57. Which of the following solvents contain halogens ?
a. Naphtha.
b. Alcohol.
c. Trichoroethylene.
d. Gasoline.
e. None of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.24
58. When applying dry developer, which of the following application can be used ?
a. Dipping.
b. The fog chamber.
c. An electrostatic fog.
d. Dusting.
e. All of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.27
59. Pri
a. grinding and sanding.
b. chemical strippers.
c. liquids honing.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 4.34
60. For best results when inspection for critical discontinuities, visible penetrants should be illuminated with white light of what inensity ?
a. 800 lux.
b. 900 lux.
c. 1000 lux.
d. 1200 ㎼/㎠.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.2
61. Black light emit certain wavelength of light measured in Angstrom which of the following is the proper nominal peak wavelength for black light used for penetrant inspection :
→ 3650Å
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.3 & p.58 Q&A 6.10
62. Light is made up of rays of various colors and wavelengths. Which of the following units of wavelength has the shortest increment ?
a. Angstrom (Å).
b. Millimicron (mμ).
c. Nanometer (nm).
d. Millimeter (mm).
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.5 & 6.11
63. The detectability of a discontinuity depends on :
a. how the discontinuity was formed.
b. the size and charateristic of the discontinuity.
c. the location of the discontinuity.
d. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.8
64. A cold shut in a casting would be observed as :
a. a line of dots.
b. a group of dots.
c. a continuous line : narrow and not jagged.
d. an intermittent line.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.11
65. F
a. A wavy, intermittent line of bright dots.
b. A short, sharp, fine indication.
c. A curbed, bright line.
d. An intermittent line, somewhat fuzzy and dull.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.12
66. Which of the following charatceristics of a fluorescent penetrant indication can be used to evaluated the type and cause of the discontinuity ?
a. Brightness.
b. Size and shape.
c. Location.
d. Persistence.
e. all of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.24
67. Pre-wetting is a technique used to reduce the background in :
a. water-washable fluorescent penetrant.
b. water-washable visible penetrant.
c. filtered particle penetrant.
d. Post-emulsified penetrant
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 5.25
68. The human eye does not respond the same to all colors in the visible light range. If all have the same brightness, the color that is easiest to detect is :
a. red.
b. yellow-green.
c. blue.
d. purple.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.1
69. Which of the following should have the least consideration when determining whether the equipment should be stock modular units or a specially designed automated penetrant processor ?
a. Optimum reproducibility.
b. The production rate.
c. The penetrant process that will be used.
d. The type and capacity of the utilities in the proposed test area.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.5
70. Automated processors are designed to handle the total PT inspection process. When the system is down, processing will be delayed. Therefore, equipment maintenance is a very important consideration. Which of the following procedures best assures that timely maintenance is available ?
a. Have a maintenance contract with the manufacturer.
b. Trained service personnel should be available in the plant maintenance function.
c. Have a maintenance contract with an equipment maintenance company.
d. All of the above are equally effective.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 6.7
71. Austenitic stainless steel, nickel base alloys, and titanium(at elevated temperatures) are subject to stress corrosion. Penetrant materials used to inspect these materials for stress corrosion must have :
a. low flash points.
b. high sulfur and halogen content.
c. low sulfur and halogen content.
d. have no chlorine in the penetrant materials.
e. both a and b above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.2
72. The quality level of a penetrant inspection will not be affected by :
a. the size of the discontinuity.
b. the type of material.
c. the type of discontinuity.
d. the number of parts.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.6
73. The type of developer that is used with filtered particle penetrants is :
a. dry developer.
b. water-suspended developer.
c. water-soluble developer.
d. solvent-suspended developer.
e. none of the above.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.13
74. The first step in evaluating the use of penetrant on a plastic material is to :
a. degrease the part.
b. check the compatibility of the penetrant test materials with the plastic.
c. apply a water-washable fluorescent penetrant.
d. remove oxidation from the surface.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.20
75. The technique that is used to reduce the background and increase the contrast of filtered particle penetrant is :
a. flourescent filtered particles.
b. pre-wetting the part with oil.
c. pre-wetting the port with water.
d. soaking in water and detergent.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 7.26
76. Quench-cracked aluminum blocks are useful for comparing :
a. low sensitivity penetrant.
b. medium sensitivity penetrant.
c. high sensitibity penetrant.
d. all of the above.
e. both a and b.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.11
77. Cracked chrome-plated panels are usually processed in pairs to :
a. verify performance results.
b. verify that the panels are identical.
c. compare the "in use" and reference penetrants.
d. verify the inspection process.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.12
78. In the water tolerance sensitivity test, the standard penetrant sample should contain :
a. no water dilution.
b. 5% water dilution.
c. the same water dilution as in the test sample.
d. 20% water dilution.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.17
79. Which of the following combinations of physical properties of a liquid has the most effect on its penetrating properties ?
a. Wet ability and surface tension.
b. Surface tension and contact angle.
c. Capillarity, wet ability, and surface tension.
d. Specific gravity and viscosity.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.18
80. When the contact angle of penetrant on aluminum is compared to the contact angle of penetrant on stainless steel and chrome plate, the contact angle on aluminum is :
a. larger.
b. smaller.
c. the same.
d. not a function of the type of material.
▶ STUDY GUIDE Q&A 8.20
81. Some penetrants are known to contain organic and inorganic penetrants halogen. The presence of certain halogen is suspected of causing damage to parts and equipment coming in contact with these penetrant types, which of the following statements is true regarding halogen content ?
ⓐ Halogens are only deterimental where the metal temperature will be raised above the curie point
ⓑ Halogen have been proven not to be deterimental if the "Halogen Tolerance" does not exceed 35% by volume
ⓒ Halogens such as chlorine are suspected of causing embrittlement and stress-corrosion cracking in nickel alloy steel
ⓓ None of the above are true
▶ HANDBOOK P.451
82. In the absence of specification are requirement to the contrary with of the following statement is most generally correct for the excess penetrant removal process when using water-washable penetrants
→ coarse spray directed about 45°to the part surface which water pressure about 30-40psi
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.41 (Spray rinse)
83. Which is the best method for conveying acceptance criteria for penetrant inspection to the inspector ?
ⓐ written description of sizes and shapes of unacceptable indications.
ⓑ photographs of indications plus written dimensional requirements.
ⓒ Tables showing sizes and numbers of unacceptable indications.
ⓓ sketches of parts and indication.
▶ STUDY GUIDE p.53 Review Question 5.26
84. When removing excess penetrant from surface of a test specimen
→ The cleaning operation must not remove m
85. Which of the following steps is not recommended when using removers in the solvent remover method ?
a. Wipe with a clean, lint free cloth.
b. Wipe with a clean, solvent-dampened cloth.
c. Scrub with a clean, solvent-dampened cloth.
d. Flush the surface with a solvent spray.
86 It is often recommended that chl
a. 0.01%
b. 0.1%
c. 1%
d. 1.1%
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